Sleep Surgery
Overview
Sleep surgery refers to a range of surgical procedures performed to treat various sleep-related breathing disorders, particularly obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). These surgeries are typically considered when non-surgical treatments, such as lifestyle modifications or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, have not provided adequate relief or are not suitable for the patient.
In many cases, sleep surgery is used in conjunction with other treatment modalities, such as lifestyle changes, weight loss, or the use of CPAP therapy. A multidisciplinary approach involving sleep specialists, otolaryngologists (ear, nose, and throat surgeons), and other healthcare providers is often recommended to determine the most appropriate treatment plan.
Types of Sleep Surgery
Types of Sleep Surgery: There are several surgical procedures available to treat OSA and other sleep-related breathing disorders. Some common types of sleep surgery include:
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP). This procedure involves the removal of excess tissue from the throat, such as the uvula, soft palate, and tonsils, to widen the airway.
Genioglossus Advancement (GA). In this surgery, the attachment of the tongue to the lower jaw is repositioned to prevent the tongue from collapsing backward during sleep.
Maxillomandibular Advancement (MMA). MMA repositions the upper and lower jaws forward to enlarge the airway and reduce airway collapse during sleep.
Lingual Tonsillectomy. This procedure targets the removal of enlarged lingual tonsils located at the base of the tongue.
Inspire Therapy: A newer treatment, Inspire therapy involves implanting a device that stimulates the hypoglossal nerve to prevent airway collapse during sleep.
Bariatric Surgery. For individuals with severe obesity, weight loss surgeries like gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy may help reduce OSA symptoms.
Candidate Evaluation
Not everyone with sleep-related breathing disorders is a candidate for sleep surgery. Candidates are typically evaluated by a sleep medicine specialist who considers factors such as the severity of the condition, the anatomical features contributing to airway obstruction, the patient's overall health, and their willingness to undergo surgery.
Likewise, sleep surgery, as with any surgical procedure, carries risks, including infection, bleeding, and complications related to anesthesia. It's essential for patients to weigh these risks against the potential benefits, which may include improved sleep quality, reduced symptoms, and decreased health risks associated with untreated OSA.
